Europe’s plastics recycling market stalled in 2024 due to weak demand, higher energy and raw material costs, and low-priced imports, which curbed utilization and led to plant closures, according to Chemweek.
Total installed capacity reached 13.5 million metric tons (MMt) in 2024, falling short of the annual growth pace required to meet EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation targets, it said. Industry turnover fell 5.5% year over year to €8.6 billion, the Nov. 12 report said.
Imported polymers accounted for 24% of the European market in 2024, up from 15% in 2020, while EU plastic waste exports rose 15% year over year, reducing domestic processing and aggravating underutilization. Several antidumping investigations have been launched and continue to be launched in the EU; however, imports have continued to rise, the report said.
Closures accelerated, with facilities representing approximately 300,000 metric tons of capacity shut in 2024, more than double the number in 2023, PRE found. Polyolefin films and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) each accounted for 25% of the capacity lost since 2023, followed by high-density polyethylene and polypropylene at 15% each. Half of the closures occurred in the Netherlands and the UK, it said.
Preliminary 2025 data indicates a 50% increase in closures compared to 2024, resulting in nearly 1 MMt of capacity lost over the three years.
By polymer, polyolefin films reached a plateau of around 3.5 MMt, accounting for 26% of the total. While PET edged up to 3.3 MMt, including 100,000 metric tons for trays, recyclers reported growing R-PET pellet inventories amid low-priced imports. Chemical recycling capacity was estimated at 190,000 metric tons, with project delays tied to high costs and legal uncertainty.
“Now is the time to stand united for the sector,” said Ton Emans, President at PRE, urging EU-level actions.
The sector has already seen several closures and canceled investments in the first half of 2025, amid high production costs and weak demand seen in Europe, with a preference for virgin polymers amid a wide price spread.
Platts, part of S&P Global Commodity Insights, assessed the R-PET free delivered Northwest Europe food-grade pellet spot price at €1,530 per metric ton on Nov. 12, down €10 per metric ton from the end of October, at a €680 per metric ton positive spread to virgin PET FD NWE.
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